Tesla is a pure electric vehicle brand that has been committed to accelerating the development of sustainable transportation with the most innovative technologies. There is a team in China that has been building a pure electric car. They have studied this aspect. Before they dismantled Tesla's battery pack, we will come with them to see what is behind this.
Disassemble Tesla Battery Pack
We all know that the 85kW?h version of the Tesla MODEL S battery pack consists of nearly 7,000 18650 lithium batteries. But the actual situation of the battery pack, but not many people have seen it. Most of the previous battery analysis published on the Internet was based on Tesla's battery patent. This time we will unveil the last layer of the Tesla battery.
The MODEL S has a total of 16 battery packs. The bottom of the empty block originally had two batteries. The above picture has been removed by the Ranger. Tesla covers a single fiberglass panel on each battery pack to provide simple protection for the battery. There are metal beams separated between each two batteries. In the lower left corner of the figure is the fuse of the entire battery pack, and on the right is the coolant port of the battery and the coolant filler port.
This is Tesla's very tall lithium battery pack. There are 444 batteries on this board. Each 74 sections are connected in parallel. The whole battery board is made up of 6 batteries in series. So we can figure out that there are a total of 7104 18650 lithium batteries on this Tesla MODEL S 85 model.
The wires in the middle of the battery pack are connected to the battery plates on one side and to the battery control module on the other. These lines are used to detect the voltage of the battery pack to ensure the normal operation of the battery pack. Looking closely, you can find that each battery has a very thin fuse. This is used to protect the entire battery pack. When a single battery has an abnormal temperature such as excessive temperature, the fuse will automatically blow. The purpose of protecting the entire battery pack is achieved (one fuse at the positive and negative terminals of each battery). The fact that so many fuses need to be soldered to the board is a very large project, and it should be done by a special robot using ultrasonic welding.
Tesla BMS master chip
Tesla's battery main control module, from the printed logo on the PCB, this board is completely developed by Tesla. A large number of resistors and capacitors are used on the board for signal conditioning. There are six sets of electrical signal acquisition lines on the side we see.
Because Tesla uses 18650 lithium battery, this lithium battery is the battery used in our laptop, so its electronic control technology is very mature, although I think a lot of ways can not see the chip on the motherboard Model, but still can be speculated that there are mainly charge and discharge management chips and battery metering management chips. Compared with laptop batteries, the complex place should be in multi-channel battery signal acquisition and control algorithms. After all, electric cars are hundreds of thousands of knots. The monitoring of the battery and the battery monitoring of the laptop for about 10 knots are not an order of magnitude.
The batteries used by Tesla are very consistent, and they have also developed a series of liquid cooling schemes to maintain the consistency of the battery temperature. Tesla has been doing very well in terms of safety and the life of electric vehicles. Tesla's protective measures are trustworthy from the current design structure.
Tesla's battery thermal management system
We previously learned that Tesla has a special liquid circulation temperature management system that surrounds each cell, but its specific structure has never been seen. Some media have said this in the report. According to the Tesla patent description, the water inside the insulation plate can be static or fluid, and can be stored directly in the internal cavity of the insulation plate, or can be loaded to a specific In the water bag, if it is in a flowing state, it can be connected to the cooling system of the battery pack, or it can be built into the circulation system."
Tesla's insulation protection
After violent dismantling, we finally saw the internal structure of the battery pack. Inside the lithium battery pack, the heat-conducting aluminum tube filled with water glycol was surrounded by S shape. The interface on the left and right sides of the figure was water glycol liquid. The circulation interface is wrapped with an orange insulating tape on the outside of the aluminum tube. In order to prevent the insulation tape from being accidentally broken, the aluminum tube is short-circuited with the lithium battery case, and Tesla also adds a layer of insulating glue to the outside of the aluminum tube for isolation. A layer of insulating glue is also used for isolation between other cells that do not have an aluminum tube.
I was amazed when I first saw Tesla's battery doing so many layers of insulation. After thinking about it, I realized that the 18650 lithium battery used by Tesla is customized. Unlike the lithium battery we usually see, it has an insulating outer coat. The exposed battery case is the negative battery. Once the outer casing is connected by a conductor. On the other hand, it may cause a short circuit. In severe cases, even a fire accident may occur, and the consequences will be unimaginable.
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