The Beidou Satellite Navigation System (BDS, hereinafter referred to as the "Beidou System") is a major achievement of China's independent innovation, but its marketization journey has just begun. The commercial success is related to the success of the Beidou system.
The Ministry of Transport recently issued a notice requesting that from January 1, 2013, the “two passengers and one dangerous†vehicles (chartered passenger cars, passenger cars with more than three lines and dangerous goods transport vehicles) in use in 9 demonstration provinces need to be updated For vehicle-mounted terminals, Beidou compatible vehicle-mounted terminals should be installed; all heavy-duty trucks (quoted areas) and semi-trailer tractors should be equipped with Beidou terminals. Subsequently, the Ministry of Transport specially held a video and telephone conference to further implement and supervise the above notice, and said that vehicles that did not install or install Beidou compatible in-vehicle terminals in accordance with regulations shall not be issued or examined for road transport certificates.
This compulsory policy has released a clear signal: Beidou System wants to use the "tangible hand" to start the first civilian customers in a non-market way. This has been criticized by some people, who believe that this move blurs the line between the government and enterprises. In fact, in major national science and technology projects, especially in the industrial field that involves major national strategic security, it is not unreasonable to use national resources to help its development and growth. The satellite navigation system itself is a national project that has invested tens of billions of dollars and built for decades. Commercialization is destined to be a long process. In the early stages of commercialization, it has not been able to attract customers with a competitive price-performance ratio. The government uses finance and taxation. , Government procurement and other means to help companies or projects start customers, it is obviously necessary.
The key question is who will bear the additional cost. Although Beidou car navigation is not inferior to the GPS of the United States, the price is several times that of the latter. It is mandatory for car owners to spend many times higher prices to install the Beidou system, otherwise it will be administrative without issuing a road transportation certificate. Cross-border behavior. The author suggests that in terms of user startup strategy, it may be possible to adopt the method of public procurement. Official cars must be installed with Beidou navigation, and non-government vehicles must be provided with certain subsidies. This not only reflects the willingness of the state to support, but also does not transfer costs to Consumers.
But protection can only be limited protection, and not a long-term plan, because with the growth of users, the subsidy will be a huge number, which will increase the financial burden. The most important thing is that the protection policy is very easy to create a closed living environment, and the Beidou system can never grow in a closed environment, otherwise it will lose its own ability. A project without its own ability is doomed to be a failed project. The so-called self-reliance ability, in the words of Lin Yifu, is that in an open and competitive market, as long as it has normal management, it can be expected that this enterprise can be accepted on the market without the support or protection of the government or other external forces. Normal profit margin.
The typical case of protection and failure is the civil aircraft industry of the former Soviet Union. Under the care of industrial policies, the civil aircraft industry in the former Soviet Union maintained a closed internal cycle. The three major aircraft manufacturers took over all civil aircraft in the former Soviet Union, did not participate in international competition, did not take care of customer experience, and did not even pay attention to profit and loss. Situation, lost his ability to self-generate. With the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, the civil aircraft industry has also failed, and now Russian airlines have to buy aircraft from Boeing and Airbus.
Here, may wish to analyze the competitive landscape in the field of global satellite navigation systems. The United States GPS and Russia ’s GLONASS have been running for decades. The technology is mature. Europe is building the Galileo satellite navigation system (Galileo). Together with China ’s Beidou system, it constitutes the world ’s four major satellite navigation systems. The current European Galileo construction process is lagging behind. With regard to China's Beidou system, all countries (regions) regard independent and complete satellite navigation systems as an important factor in defending homeland security. In the process of commercialization, the GPS of the United States is in a monopoly position and has a 95% market share in China. It is expected that with the further improvement of the Beidou system, in the future in the Chinese domestic market, the Beidou system will be "connected" with the GPS of the United States. .
The technological innovation of Beidou system is successful, but it also needs to withstand the baptism of marketization, and only commercial success is true success.
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