Today (April 22) at 12 noon, the cargo spacecraft Tianzhou No. 1 and Tiangong No. 2 completed the first rendezvous and docking, and then the propellant was added in the orbit to "refuel" Tiangong No. 2.
For this mission, the cargo spacecraft and Tiangong 2 will also implement two rendezvous and docking, which is the first time in the history of China's manned space flight. The main purpose of the three rendezvous and docking is to verify the cargo ship's capabilities, fly-to-forward forward docking technology and autonomous fast rendezvous and docking technology.
"If the Shenzhou-8 manned spacecraft docking agency is called the first generation docking agency, then the Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft docking agency can be called the second generation product. This is the second flight of the second generation." China manned Zhang Chongfeng, deputy chief of the spacecraft manned spacecraft system and space laboratory system, introduced.
The concept of "eccentric docking of large-tonnage spacecraft" should start from the space rendezvous and docking of the Shenzhou series manned spacecraft and the Tiangong series of target aircraft. Both the Shenzhou spacecraft and the Tiangong aircraft are 8-ton class spacecraft, and both must move along the centroid axis. After being captured and corrected, the two must be in an unbiased position to successfully achieve rendezvous and docking.
The rendezvous and docking of the 8-ton class spacecraft is already a difficult operation, but it is still "lightweight" compared with the rendezvous and docking involved in the construction of the space station. This requires the docking mechanism to be continuously upgraded. The new docking mechanism must ensure that the 8 tons to 180 tons of spacecraft in the construction phase of the future space station can be docked in various ways.
The rendezvous and docking of larger spacecraft will generate huge docking energy, which places high demands on the buffering capacity of the docking mechanism. This is also a technology that must be broken through in the construction of space stations. To this end, the designers of the Aerospace Science and Technology Group Eight Institutes solved this problem through a large number of technical research and program demonstrations, and successfully launched the second generation docking agency.
The second-generation docking mechanism not only affects the original capture performance, but also realizes the large-tonnage energy consumption demand after the docking mechanism captures, which can well meet the needs of this and subsequent tasks.
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