On December 7, 2017, at the “World Smart Manufacturing Conference†held in Nanjing, Zhou Ji, President of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, published a report entitled “Reflections on China’s Smart Manufacturing Development Strategyâ€, which systematically elaborated on the development of smart manufacturing in China. view. Academician Zhou Ji mentioned in the report that with the continuous advancement of smart manufacturing strategy, the relationship between the human and physical systems in the traditional manufacturing process is being changed from the binary system of human-physical system (HPS) to human-information-physics The ternary transition of the system (HCPS) has brought about widespread thinking among industry experts.
Dean Zhou Ji believes that traditional manufacturing mainly consists of two parts: people and physical systems. People control the interaction between people and machines through the control of machines. The machine completes the production work through the instructions issued by the recipient. At the same time, people also need to receive a variety of state information feedback receiver to complete the relevant perception, analysis and decision-making as well as learning and cognitive work, so that the human-computer system to complete the closed-loop work. In the traditional manufacturing process, the physical system is mainly used to replace human beings to do a lot of manual labor, reduce the demand for people, and improve product quality and production efficiency. Therefore, the traditional manufacturing system is a human-physical system (HPS).
With the development of informatization, companies gradually separate people’s perceptual analysis and decision-making work, use information systems instead of people to analyze and make decisions, and control the machines through the integration of information systems and physical systems. Replace people to complete more and more complex manual work. This promotes the evolution of traditional human-physical systems to human-information-physical systems. Academician Zhou called this process the first generation and the second generation of smart manufacturing systems. This system covers the CPS theory proposed by the United States and the concept of digital twins proposed by Siemens.
At present, with the continuous and deep application of the smart manufacturing strategy, Dean Zhou Ji has further deepened the next-generation intelligent manufacturing system on the basis of the first-generation and second-generation intelligent manufacturing systems. The most essential feature is that its information system has undergone major changes that increase its cognitive and learning functions. In the previous generation of information systems, only the functions of perception, analysis and decision-making and control were mainly added. Now a new function has been added, namely, cognitive and learning functions. This function is to empower the information system to learn autonomously from the people and let the information system Not only has strong perceptual computing analysis and control capabilities, but also has the ability to learn to improve and generate knowledge.
Industry experts generally believe that in the new generation of intelligent manufacturing systems, people transfer some of the learning-oriented mental tasks to the information system, so that the information system has a "cognitive ability" and the relationship between people and information systems has undergone fundamental changes. In the old first- and second-generation smart manufacturing systems, the relationship between humans and information systems was “to give them a lesson.†In the new generation of smart manufacturing systems, the relationship between people and information systems has become Take fishing."
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