When carrying out the electrical design of the new plant and mine, first calculate the load on the power network, then calculate the reactive power according to the load calculation, select the corresponding compensation method, and select the compensator.
1. Maximum load compensation calculation method The so-called maximum load compensation calculation method is to use the required coefficient method to calculate the active power, reactive power and apparent power at the maximum load, the maximum power factor before compensation and the maximum power factor after compensation. equipment.
2. The average load compensation calculation method In practice, the reactive power compensation is performed by using the average power factor before compensation (natural average power factor) and the average power factor after compensation to select the phase shift capacitor.
Both the maximum load compensation calculation method and the average load compensation calculation method can calculate the capacity of the phase shift capacitor that needs to be compensated, and achieve the purpose of improving the power factor. The difference between the two is that one is calculated according to the maximum load power, and the other is calculated based on the average load power. It can be seen from theoretical analysis and example comparison that when their power factors all refer to the same value (0.95 The compensation capacity calculated by the maximum load compensation calculation method is larger than the compensation capacity calculated by the average load compensation calculation method. In the actual working process, when the active power is maximum, the reactive power may not be the largest. Moreover, the actual industrial enterprises generally do not work at full load, so the maximum load compensation calculation method is easy to cause over-compensation, and if the engineering design and equipment selection are not noticed, on the one hand, the initial investment increases, on the other hand, After the compensation capacitor bank is put into operation, it is easy to be compensated. Obviously, it is more scientific to use the average load compensation calculation method for compensation calculation.
S, apparent power (KVA or VA).
P, active power (KW or W).
Q, reactive power, which is the amount of reactive compensation (Kvar or var) that is usually calculated.
cosΦ, power factor.
There is also an efficiency ratio of the load of the motor, that is, the ratio of the useful power to the driving power.
To calculate Q, you need to know any two of S, P, and cosΦ. Usually, the rated power, power factor, and efficiency ratio of the device will be marked on the device.
Active power P = rated power Pe / efficiency ratio apparent power S = P / cos Φ or Q / sin Φ,
The total relationship between S, P, and Q is S2=P2+Q2, and P is the active power of the device.
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