3GPP released three 5G development goals, namely overall system capacity increase, large-scale interconnection, ultra-reliable and low latency. In order to achieve the above goals, 5G technology development will be divided into three major spindles, namely eMBB providing higher bandwidth, and also includes mMTC developed for large-scale IoT applications, and can meet various real-time communication needs, and A more reliable URLLC. Since the scenarios of the three application scenarios are different, the future operation mode of the telecom operators and the industrial chain of development will inevitably be different. Even the 5G elements and performance standards are currently not officially defined. However, from the point of view of the new capabilities, key performance parameters, and how much performance can be added, 5G has a fairly clear consensus.
Ma Jinguo, director of the Zhitong Institute, said that 3GPP's 5G application scenarios are mainly three, namely eMBB, mMTC, and URLLC. Currently, most of the 5G New Radio standards are set, focusing on eMBB. URLLC will be more complete this year. And mMTC will gradually rely on NB-IoT, LTE docking, so the standard will be set to be slower.
Ma Jinuo further stated that eMBB will develop spectrum above 6 GHz in addition to spectrum development technologies below 6 GHz. Small Cell will be an important device for the development of eMBB. Due to the current spectrum below 6 GHz, most of them are based on the traditional network mode developed by large base stations, and the millimeter wave technology with spectrum above 6 GHz. A small base station is needed to drive the speed faster. The main application of eMBB will be mobile broadband services in high traffic.
In addition to eMBB, URLLC will be developed in the frequency band below 6GHz, the main application will be unmanned vehicles, because the response must be very fast, in order to effectively avoid accidents. In addition, another important application field is in smart factories. Since a large number of machines have built-in sensors, these processes from sensors, back-end networks, and instructions to the machine itself are transmitted to the existing network. There will be a significant delay that could lead to a safety accident. In view of this, URLLC pushes the target of network latency down to less than 1 millisecond.
mMTC will also develop in the frequency band below 6GHz, which will be applied to large-scale Internet of Things. The currently visible development is NB-IoT. In the past, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth, etc., are relatively small-scale technologies for home use. The backhaul (Backhaul) mainly relies on LTE. Recently, the technical standards such as NB-IoT and LoRa have been released. It is expected to make the development of the Internet of Things more extensive.
In addition, Ma Jinuo also said that even though NB-IoT is currently operated by large base stations, it is also possible to start importing small base stations after its development is slowly on track.
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