[Audio Network Information]
With the improvement of the quality of TV program production, the sound recording requirements of the program are getting higher and higher. The first ring to ensure the quality of the program sound recording is the previous sound recording, commonly known as the simultaneous sound recording. Due to the current composition of the TV crew, there is no customary person responsible for the sound, so the sound recording quality and quality of the same period largely depends on the degree of understanding of the use of the microphone and the degree of sound recording by the editor and camera.
In daily work, this phenomenon is often encountered. For a period of time, a large number of pre-production crews need to use wireless microphones; for a while, a large number of strong-pointing microphones are needed; now, the demand for boom microphones is constantly increasing. The use of microphones is increasingly diversified, complicated, and upscale, but the previous recording levels have not improved significantly. In response to this situation, I would like to briefly introduce the use of the microphone and the basic procedures for simultaneous recording for your reference.
The simultaneous recording of the sound, at this stage, whether it is a news interview, or a TV feature film, a documentary (the simultaneous recording of the TV series has a dedicated sound engineer, the microphone usage and working procedures involved are beyond the scope of this article), the vast majority are Recorded on the tape, so it is necessary to introduce the use of the "key" related to the sound on the camera, for example, the AJ-D910WAe, the newly used Panasonic digital camera.
1. Automatic level AUTO: Set the gain circuit of the gain. When the limiter is turned on, the automatic gain control (AGC) circuit starts to operate, and the recording quality of the sound is guaranteed by the AGC circuit, and no extra work is required by personnel. This mode is suitable for recording continuous sound.
Manual level MAN: The operator can adjust the gain according to the size of the sound. When the limiter is turned on, the clipping starts at the 3dB level at the peak 0ppm (+18dBu relative to the 0dBu operating level). This method has high requirements for personnel and good sound recording quality.
2. AUDIOIN: Select the input method. FRONT file, select the camera head random microphone; REAR file, select two card ports CH1 and CH2 at the back of the camera, there are two MIC/LINE files in the REAR range, select the microphone/line input. In the actual interview, there is often such a situation, the level meter shows a small sound, the sound is very distorted when listening, this is because the mouth level is too large, the MIC file can be replaced by the LINE file to solve the problem. .
3. Microphone power supply REARMICPOWER: When REARMICPOWER selects ON, it can supply power to the two card ports on the back of the camera. C-74, iron triangle and other condenser microphones can be used without battery.
4. Peak level meter: The volume meter of the digital video recorder is the peak meter. The maximum value is 0ppm (the unit display is dB). In principle, it cannot be exceeded. The optimal range of recording should be -8~-12dB.
5, menu MIC / AUDIO option: you can choose the power supply of the random microphone, the microphone's pre-gain size, whether it is pre-emphasis, limiter switch, high-pass filter switch and audio test signal. When the high-pass filter is turned on, the low-frequency noise can be removed, and the recording sound in the outdoor is particularly effective, and the frequency response range is 200 Hz to 10 kHz.
The judgment standard of the sound recording of the camera is: the volume meter display is moderately super-sound, the sound is clear and bright, the distortion is small, and the ambient sound does not interfere with the main sound.
After learning the sound button on the camera, let's talk about the microphone. Recording the simultaneous sound first depends on the program needs and the environment of the venue to determine which microphone to use. The following is a list of the types of microphones that are often used during simultaneous recording, and where applicable, the model of the microphone selects the type that the station is currently using.
The strong pointing microphone must maintain a certain distance from the interviewee during the interview, which is more suitable for random capture interviews in noisy environments.
For example, in a random interview on the street, due to the super-cardioid directionality, the sensitivity of the interviewed voice of the microphone is ensured, and the ambient noise is effectively avoided.
The use of wireless microphones facilitates the host and interview activities, especially in situations where there are many people and there is no way to arrange an interview environment. The freedom of the host and the interviewee has increased. Handheld wireless microphones can be used for moderator recording, and can also be used for interview recording (host recording refers to single person recording, interview refers to two or more people recording); lavalier wireless microphone has smaller shape and lower sensitivity, suitable for The host recording in a noisy environment requires two or more lavalier wireless microphones for interview recording, but the camera can only use two microphones without the mixer. The lavalier wireless microphone "liberates" the hands of the host, especially suitable for on-site merchandise, introduction of things and action-rich moderators.
The dynamic microphone is suitable for the sound pickup of the host. Because of its low sensitivity, it must be close to the mouth, so that the ambient sound does not have much influence on it, and it can pick up the sound effectively and cleanly, and the dynamic microphone is used because it has no power supply. Convenient and can be used in bad weather. When the host used it to interview, because it was too close to the interviewee, it would make people uncomfortable and affect the interview, and the composition of the picture would not look good.
The pressure belt microphone is suitable for the recording of the talk show. It is required to be placed on a hard desktop. It can pick up the sound of many people sitting at the table. It picks up the sound source above the desktop and is effective for the inherent noise of the environment. Suppression, and the microphone is more concealed because it is flat, and does not affect the picture.
Instead of a microphone type, the boom microphone uses a telescoping special pole to hold the microphone close to the sound source without the microphone appearing in the lens. The boom microphone is commonly known as the microphone, the boom, the microphone stand, the windshield and the windproof fur. The boom microphone is the most used recording method in film and television shooting. Its advantage is that it can pick up sounds at multiple angles without disturbing the shooting and character performance, but at the same time it requires special recording personnel and related essentials. Recording equipment, such as ENG mixers, headphones, various microphones, etc. During the shooting, the sound engineer adjusts the mixer and boom microphone according to the condition of the headphones to monitor the sound, in order to pick up the high signal-to-noise ratio and low distortion sound. If the sound is monitored in different periods, moving the boom microphone is blind and meaningless. This does not really record the sound source and its environment.
The interview recording should follow certain working procedures: (1) Determine whether to record automatically or manually according to the environmental conditions; (2) Before the official opening, please ask the host to speak in normal voice, adjust the level of the recorder or the distance of the microphone. (3) Play back and listen to it immediately after recording, and find the problem to be re-recorded or re-recorded in time. According to the working procedure, the recording quality of the sound can be guaranteed to avoid problems.
In summary, the quality of the simultaneous recording depends on the correct use of the sound keys on the camera and the reasonable use of the microphone, and it depends on the person. At this stage, the editors' various needs for microphones reflect that everyone's emphasis on sound quality has increased. This is a welcome change and an inevitable result of the development of the television industry. Audio practitioners should work harder to cultivate their internal strengths, improve the technical level of using equipment, meet and meet the requirements of development, and believe that through the joint efforts of everyone, the quality of TV sound will be greatly improved.
With the improvement of the quality of TV program production, the sound recording requirements of the program are getting higher and higher. The first ring to ensure the quality of the program sound recording is the previous sound recording, commonly known as the simultaneous sound recording. Due to the current composition of the TV crew, there is no customary person responsible for the sound, so the sound recording quality and quality of the same period largely depends on the degree of understanding of the use of the microphone and the degree of sound recording by the editor and camera.
In daily work, this phenomenon is often encountered. For a period of time, a large number of pre-production crews need to use wireless microphones; for a while, a large number of strong-pointing microphones are needed; now, the demand for boom microphones is constantly increasing. The use of microphones is increasingly diversified, complicated, and upscale, but the previous recording levels have not improved significantly. In response to this situation, I would like to briefly introduce the use of the microphone and the basic procedures for simultaneous recording for your reference.
The simultaneous recording of the sound, at this stage, whether it is a news interview, or a TV feature film, a documentary (the simultaneous recording of the TV series has a dedicated sound engineer, the microphone usage and working procedures involved are beyond the scope of this article), the vast majority are Recorded on the tape, so it is necessary to introduce the use of the "key" related to the sound on the camera, for example, the AJ-D910WAe, the newly used Panasonic digital camera.
1. Automatic level AUTO: Set the gain circuit of the gain. When the limiter is turned on, the automatic gain control (AGC) circuit starts to operate, and the recording quality of the sound is guaranteed by the AGC circuit, and no extra work is required by personnel. This mode is suitable for recording continuous sound.
Manual level MAN: The operator can adjust the gain according to the size of the sound. When the limiter is turned on, the clipping starts at the 3dB level at the peak 0ppm (+18dBu relative to the 0dBu operating level). This method has high requirements for personnel and good sound recording quality.
2. AUDIOIN: Select the input method. FRONT file, select the camera head random microphone; REAR file, select two card ports CH1 and CH2 at the back of the camera, there are two MIC/LINE files in the REAR range, select the microphone/line input. In the actual interview, there is often such a situation, the level meter shows a small sound, the sound is very distorted when listening, this is because the mouth level is too large, the MIC file can be replaced by the LINE file to solve the problem. .
3. Microphone power supply REARMICPOWER: When REARMICPOWER selects ON, it can supply power to the two card ports on the back of the camera. C-74, iron triangle and other condenser microphones can be used without battery.
4. Peak level meter: The volume meter of the digital video recorder is the peak meter. The maximum value is 0ppm (the unit display is dB). In principle, it cannot be exceeded. The optimal range of recording should be -8~-12dB.
5, menu MIC / AUDIO option: you can choose the power supply of the random microphone, the microphone's pre-gain size, whether it is pre-emphasis, limiter switch, high-pass filter switch and audio test signal. When the high-pass filter is turned on, the low-frequency noise can be removed, and the recording sound in the outdoor is particularly effective, and the frequency response range is 200 Hz to 10 kHz.
The judgment standard of the sound recording of the camera is: the volume meter display is moderately super-sound, the sound is clear and bright, the distortion is small, and the ambient sound does not interfere with the main sound.
After learning the sound button on the camera, let's talk about the microphone. Recording the simultaneous sound first depends on the program needs and the environment of the venue to determine which microphone to use. The following is a list of the types of microphones that are often used during simultaneous recording, and where applicable, the model of the microphone selects the type that the station is currently using.
The strong pointing microphone must maintain a certain distance from the interviewee during the interview, which is more suitable for random capture interviews in noisy environments.
For example, in a random interview on the street, due to the super-cardioid directionality, the sensitivity of the interviewed voice of the microphone is ensured, and the ambient noise is effectively avoided.
The use of wireless microphones facilitates the host and interview activities, especially in situations where there are many people and there is no way to arrange an interview environment. The freedom of the host and the interviewee has increased. Handheld wireless microphones can be used for moderator recording, and can also be used for interview recording (host recording refers to single person recording, interview refers to two or more people recording); lavalier wireless microphone has smaller shape and lower sensitivity, suitable for The host recording in a noisy environment requires two or more lavalier wireless microphones for interview recording, but the camera can only use two microphones without the mixer. The lavalier wireless microphone "liberates" the hands of the host, especially suitable for on-site merchandise, introduction of things and action-rich moderators.
The dynamic microphone is suitable for the sound pickup of the host. Because of its low sensitivity, it must be close to the mouth, so that the ambient sound does not have much influence on it, and it can pick up the sound effectively and cleanly, and the dynamic microphone is used because it has no power supply. Convenient and can be used in bad weather. When the host used it to interview, because it was too close to the interviewee, it would make people uncomfortable and affect the interview, and the composition of the picture would not look good.
The pressure belt microphone is suitable for the recording of the talk show. It is required to be placed on a hard desktop. It can pick up the sound of many people sitting at the table. It picks up the sound source above the desktop and is effective for the inherent noise of the environment. Suppression, and the microphone is more concealed because it is flat, and does not affect the picture.
Instead of a microphone type, the boom microphone uses a telescoping special pole to hold the microphone close to the sound source without the microphone appearing in the lens. The boom microphone is commonly known as the microphone, the boom, the microphone stand, the windshield and the windproof fur. The boom microphone is the most used recording method in film and television shooting. Its advantage is that it can pick up sounds at multiple angles without disturbing the shooting and character performance, but at the same time it requires special recording personnel and related essentials. Recording equipment, such as ENG mixers, headphones, various microphones, etc. During the shooting, the sound engineer adjusts the mixer and boom microphone according to the condition of the headphones to monitor the sound, in order to pick up the high signal-to-noise ratio and low distortion sound. If the sound is monitored in different periods, moving the boom microphone is blind and meaningless. This does not really record the sound source and its environment.
The interview recording should follow certain working procedures: (1) Determine whether to record automatically or manually according to the environmental conditions; (2) Before the official opening, please ask the host to speak in normal voice, adjust the level of the recorder or the distance of the microphone. (3) Play back and listen to it immediately after recording, and find the problem to be re-recorded or re-recorded in time. According to the working procedure, the recording quality of the sound can be guaranteed to avoid problems.
In summary, the quality of the simultaneous recording depends on the correct use of the sound keys on the camera and the reasonable use of the microphone, and it depends on the person. At this stage, the editors' various needs for microphones reflect that everyone's emphasis on sound quality has increased. This is a welcome change and an inevitable result of the development of the television industry. Audio practitioners should work harder to cultivate their internal strengths, improve the technical level of using equipment, meet and meet the requirements of development, and believe that through the joint efforts of everyone, the quality of TV sound will be greatly improved.
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