The article begins with an emphasis: plant protection is risky, choose to be cautious! It is not recommended for private self-assembled plant protection drones without drone experience. There is no quick method in this industry. All the experience takes time to accumulate. If the basic drone has no manual operation experience, then assemble itself. Large plant protection drones are quite dangerous!
I believe that many practitioners who have transferred to the plant protection industry used to be engaged in the drone industry. They are familiar with all types of aerial drones and special drones. Compared with ordinary drones, there are many similarities between plant protection drones and ordinary drones. However, it can not be treated according to the simple enlarged version of the drone. The characteristics of the plant protection machine are large load, large volume, large current, and extremely high operating frequency. In this state, many problems in the small and medium-sized drones in the past. Will be amplified a lot, such as endurance, body vibration, heat under high current, flight control stability, and plant protection machine-specific problems, such as liquid splash, corrosion, high battery frequency, high current charge and discharge Battery life is reduced and so on. These problems have overall led to the rate of bombing of plant protection drones much higher than other types of drones. Therefore, there are more factors to consider when designing plant protection drones than ordinary small and medium-sized drones.
This article is only for personal experience sharing. We can't put all the key points together. We only provide some key reference points. As a reference for peer practitioners, we hope that more experienced colleagues will add them together.
First, pre-installation analysis
1, power selection
A stable plant protection machine, the power selection is the key, the commonly used 10kg model, after taking the medicine, the take-off weight of the whole machine should be controlled at about 24kg, corresponding to the plant protection machine with different axis numbers, the four-axis single-axis rated tensile force is about 6kg The rated tension of the six-axis single-axis is about 4kg, and the rated tension of the 8-axis single-axis is about 3kg. Considering the power surplus of the whole machine, the rated tensile force here should be selected as the reference value of the motor around 60% throttle, instead of Take the maximum tensile value of the motor as a reference.
2, wheelbase matching
Generally, the wheelbase of 10kg model is suitable between 1200mm and 1500mm. The wheelbase is related to the motor paddle. The common four-axis paddle is 28 to 30 inches, the wheelbase is about 1200mm, and the six-axis paddle is 24 to 26 inches, the wheelbase is about 1400, the eight-axis paddle is 20 to 22 inches, and the wheelbase is about 1500. The wheelbase matching is based on the principle of moderation, but it is too big or too small. The overall coordination can be achieved. Under this premise, the wheelbase should be reduced as much as possible. The excessive wheelbase will increase the volume of the aircraft, which is not convenient to carry. Inertia, the adaptability to flight control is even worse.
3. Weight estimation
A 10kg plant protection machine, according to the weight of 24kg take-off, deducting 10kg of syrup and 4kg of battery, the weight of the empty machine should be about 10kg, try not to exceed 12kg, the whole machine design should reduce the weight as much as possible under the premise of ensuring strength.
4, battery life calculation
After estimating the takeoff weight of the whole machine, it is relatively easy to calculate the theoretical endurance time. Generally, the whole machine is hovered under full load. Refer to the pull value of the single axis, check the motor parameter table for comparison, and then draw according to the matched battery. The hovering time under full load state, the same method calculates the hovering time under no-load condition. Generally, the hovering time is about 10min, the no-load hovering time is about 25min, and the final working time is about 15min. If the calculated theoretical hover time gap is too large, it is recommended to re-configure the power.
5, flight control selection
There are many types of flight control in the market. The common DJI and zero-degree flight control are general-purpose flight control, and the flight stability is still good, but there is no specific function for agricultural plant protection operations.
At present, the plant protection flight control is the name of the flying, extension, and distance-free, all of which have added a variety of specific functions for the characteristics of plant protection operations, such as dose follow-up, breakpoint continuous spraying, semi-automatic flight, fully automatic flight, etc. To some extent, some defects of the general flight control are solved. Do not do too much analysis here, you can choose your own flight control.
6. Selection of sprinkler system There are two main types of sprinkler systems used in plant protection. One is pressure type nozzle and the other is centrifugal nozzle. Both have advantages and disadvantages. The pressure type nozzle has large pressure and obvious spray. Hoisting, but easy to block, not suitable for powder medicine, while the water consumption is large, the weight of the pump is slightly heavier. The centrifugal nozzle has small atomization particles, convenient installation, water saving and medicine, and the overall weight is light and not easy to block. However, the centrifugal nozzle needs two-way control, and the motor and the atomizing disk are long-term susceptible to corrosion by pesticide corrosion. These two types of nozzles also have their own love, there is no absolute choice.
The following is a case study of a standard 10kg six-axis plant protection drone.
Multi-picture warning! ! !
1. Material preparation
A complete plant protection machine includes the following accessories: rack, motor, ESC, paddle, flight control, sprinkler system, battery, charger, remote control, silicone wire, various plugs, heat shrinkable tube, etc. At present, these accessories can be purchased separately in the market, and there are many suppliers. If you choose a big brand and a stable supplier, you should avoid using cheap low-quality equipment.
I believe that many practitioners who have transferred to the plant protection industry used to be engaged in the drone industry. They are familiar with all types of aerial drones and special drones. Compared with ordinary drones, there are many similarities between plant protection drones and ordinary drones. However, it can not be treated according to the simple enlarged version of the drone. The characteristics of the plant protection machine are large load, large volume, large current, and extremely high operating frequency. In this state, many problems in the small and medium-sized drones in the past. Will be amplified a lot, such as endurance, body vibration, heat under high current, flight control stability, and plant protection machine-specific problems, such as liquid splash, corrosion, high battery frequency, high current charge and discharge Battery life is reduced and so on. These problems have overall led to the rate of bombing of plant protection drones much higher than other types of drones. Therefore, there are more factors to consider when designing plant protection drones than ordinary small and medium-sized drones.
This article is only for personal experience sharing. We can't put all the key points together. We only provide some key reference points. As a reference for peer practitioners, we hope that more experienced colleagues will add them together.
First, pre-installation analysis
1, power selection
A stable plant protection machine, the power selection is the key, the commonly used 10kg model, after taking the medicine, the take-off weight of the whole machine should be controlled at about 24kg, corresponding to the plant protection machine with different axis numbers, the four-axis single-axis rated tensile force is about 6kg The rated tension of the six-axis single-axis is about 4kg, and the rated tension of the 8-axis single-axis is about 3kg. Considering the power surplus of the whole machine, the rated tensile force here should be selected as the reference value of the motor around 60% throttle, instead of Take the maximum tensile value of the motor as a reference.
2, wheelbase matching
Generally, the wheelbase of 10kg model is suitable between 1200mm and 1500mm. The wheelbase is related to the motor paddle. The common four-axis paddle is 28 to 30 inches, the wheelbase is about 1200mm, and the six-axis paddle is 24 to 26 inches, the wheelbase is about 1400, the eight-axis paddle is 20 to 22 inches, and the wheelbase is about 1500. The wheelbase matching is based on the principle of moderation, but it is too big or too small. The overall coordination can be achieved. Under this premise, the wheelbase should be reduced as much as possible. The excessive wheelbase will increase the volume of the aircraft, which is not convenient to carry. Inertia, the adaptability to flight control is even worse.
3. Weight estimation
A 10kg plant protection machine, according to the weight of 24kg take-off, deducting 10kg of syrup and 4kg of battery, the weight of the empty machine should be about 10kg, try not to exceed 12kg, the whole machine design should reduce the weight as much as possible under the premise of ensuring strength.
4, battery life calculation
After estimating the takeoff weight of the whole machine, it is relatively easy to calculate the theoretical endurance time. Generally, the whole machine is hovered under full load. Refer to the pull value of the single axis, check the motor parameter table for comparison, and then draw according to the matched battery. The hovering time under full load state, the same method calculates the hovering time under no-load condition. Generally, the hovering time is about 10min, the no-load hovering time is about 25min, and the final working time is about 15min. If the calculated theoretical hover time gap is too large, it is recommended to re-configure the power.
5, flight control selection
There are many types of flight control in the market. The common DJI and zero-degree flight control are general-purpose flight control, and the flight stability is still good, but there is no specific function for agricultural plant protection operations.
At present, the plant protection flight control is the name of the flying, extension, and distance-free, all of which have added a variety of specific functions for the characteristics of plant protection operations, such as dose follow-up, breakpoint continuous spraying, semi-automatic flight, fully automatic flight, etc. To some extent, some defects of the general flight control are solved. Do not do too much analysis here, you can choose your own flight control.
6. Selection of sprinkler system There are two main types of sprinkler systems used in plant protection. One is pressure type nozzle and the other is centrifugal nozzle. Both have advantages and disadvantages. The pressure type nozzle has large pressure and obvious spray. Hoisting, but easy to block, not suitable for powder medicine, while the water consumption is large, the weight of the pump is slightly heavier. The centrifugal nozzle has small atomization particles, convenient installation, water saving and medicine, and the overall weight is light and not easy to block. However, the centrifugal nozzle needs two-way control, and the motor and the atomizing disk are long-term susceptible to corrosion by pesticide corrosion. These two types of nozzles also have their own love, there is no absolute choice.
The following is a case study of a standard 10kg six-axis plant protection drone.
Multi-picture warning! ! !
1. Material preparation
A complete plant protection machine includes the following accessories: rack, motor, ESC, paddle, flight control, sprinkler system, battery, charger, remote control, silicone wire, various plugs, heat shrinkable tube, etc. At present, these accessories can be purchased separately in the market, and there are many suppliers. If you choose a big brand and a stable supplier, you should avoid using cheap low-quality equipment.
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