From 2 screens to wallpapers TV OLED screens

What is the highest quality display device on the market today? From the technical principles to consider, OLED is without a doubt the most powerful contender. Especially on the battlefield of large-screen TVs, OLEDs have almost no rivals in terms of core performance indicators such as color performance, contrast, response speed, and viewing angle. In the small screen mobile phone market, OLED has also become a dazzling configuration of flagship models. The only downside is that there are few OLED products in the computer display market. Although there are still challenges to be faced in the areas of price and product coverage, in the face of mature display technologies that have reached the end of the technological development of the industry, there is still a lot of time to make up for these shortcomings in the OLEDs that are in full swing. Today we will talk about OLEDs in the big screen market. Display technology is the most important link between the virtual world and the real world. The progress of display technology is also the industry’s most important development direction. The bulky and heavy kinescope technology bears the display task of nearly a hundred years, and it was gradually replaced by liquid crystal before it was more than ten years ago. The flat panel display technology represented by liquid crystals has won the kinescope in terms of volume, weight, and large-size display. However, the picture quality performance capability has undergone an arduous growth. In the early years, plasma display technology even threatened the liquid crystal in the large screen area. . Today, OLED challenges the LCD again, and it seems to win the game.
In 2017, Apple’s latest iPhone X uses OLED screens to make OLEDs more familiar. Prior to this, many of Samsung’s flagship phones have also applied their own OLED screens. Samsung has mastered mature technologies in the manufacture and application of OLED screens for mobile devices. But people are not satisfied with the upgrade of small screens in a few spaces. Large-screen televisions with dozens of inches also require more excellent display technologies. The earliest LG Display focused on this is already the most powerful OLED manufacturer on the market. Technology promoters.
What is OLED?
The core of the OLED is a transparent organic semiconducting polymer that is made into a thin film and emits light by applying an electric field on both sides. In the 1980s, Kodak scientists continued research on the electroluminescent phenomenon of organic materials that have been discovered and successfully manufactured practical OLED products. The tiny OLED light emitting units are closely arranged on the thin film substrate, arranged between two layers of conductors, and corresponding circuits are arranged, thereby completing the manufacture of the OLED display panel. Because the OLED panel structure is theoretically very simple, it can create very thin products. The current mass production of OLED large-screen panels is only 0.95 mm thick.
In contrast, the mainstream LCD panel problem is that the LCD itself cannot emit light, and it requires a complicated structure such as a backlight, a light guide plate, a color filter, etc. to form a complete screen for displaying images. The OLED unit directly constitutes a display panel as a light-emitting pixel and can even be manufactured on a flexible substrate by printing. It is not difficult to use a OLED panel to create a thin-screen, thin-screen TV that can be bent. The thinnest OLED TV in the world today has a thickness of only 2.57 mm (2.57 mm is the thickness of an OLED TV (the whole unit), and the panel is 0.95 mm), and it is difficult for LCD panels to reach this level.
The development of OLED display technology has been basically mature today, and the industry is unanimously arguing that it can display the best image quality and surpass all competitors on the market. In practical display technologies, the CRT tubes have been eliminated and the plasma panels have already left the market. Although the LCD TVs with the highest occupancy rate have performed very well, they are close to the limits of technology and they are difficult to achieve in absolute picture quality and large-screen performance. The challenge is to meet the rising OLED.
Absolute Advantages of Self-Luminous Display Technology The display effect of CRT technology has been missed by the old players so far. Its core competitiveness is because each point on the picture tube can be actively excited by electron beams. The image quality of plasma technology and OLED technology is also praised because of self-luminescence. Everbright's liquid crystal technology has a variety of advantages, but it relies on the deflection of liquid crystal molecules to control the light transmitted by the backlight to display images, which is inherently inadequate in terms of color performance, contrast, response speed, and viewing angle.
Take contrast as an example. The backlight of the liquid crystal cannot be controlled for each pixel. When the display is black, the liquid crystal molecules mainly rely on the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules to shield the backlight. Therefore, when the liquid crystal panel displays a black screen, there will be some light leakage, and an extreme black field cannot be obtained. The self-luminous display technology can turn off individual pixels and let their brightness go to zero. In theory, the contrast of the self-luminous display technology can be infinite. In terms of actual display effect, video content based on dark scenes is the biggest challenge for LCD technology, and self-luminous technology can easily deal with it.
Another important requirement for large-screen displays is the wide viewing angle - users should not have noticeable changes in brightness, color, and contrast when viewing the screen in different directions. For the self-luminous technology, each pixel is inherently omnidirectional, like a light bulb. This is not a problem. The liquid crystals rely on the deflection direction to control the light, leading to a very obvious view angle of the early LCD screen. Later, various improvements such as changing the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal basically solved the problem.
The principle of self-luminescence also enables devices using this technology to have excellent response speeds, with switching times of milliseconds for different brightnesses, enabling high frame rate image display without smearing easily. The molecular deflection of liquid crystals is a "mechanical" process that requires significantly more time. Moreover, improving the speed of liquid crystal deflection may sometimes conflict with the requirements of viewing angle and contrast, and ultimately only a compromised result can be obtained.
Of course, self-luminous structures also have shortcomings. As with all luminescent materials, the brightness of OLED pixels gradually decreases over time.
If certain pixels fixedly display certain content, such as a TV station, their brightness may change, resulting in afterimages. Through panel technology upgrades and specific algorithms for displaying content, TV manufacturers have now basically solved the afterimage problem. In fact, afterimages in the CRT, plasma and LCD era are troublesome manufacturers, but with the improvement of products and technologies are eventually no longer concerned by consumers.
Similarly, the lifetime of OLEDs has now reached a satisfactory level, with manufacturers claiming to have reached 50,000 hours (50% brightness). If you look at 10 hours per day, you can watch more than 10 years in 5,000 days. It is unlikely that consumers watching TV with such high intensity will spend more than a decade on TV. For those users who only watch TV for two or three hours a day, the life of the screen is a matter of no concern at all.
From 2 inch to 55 inch OLED TV dreams come true back to OLED products. In 2003, I visited Kodak’s U.S. headquarters and exchanged ideas with Chinese scientists who were employed at Kodak. Among them was Dr. Deng Qingyun, one of the inventors of OLED. His patent was linked to Kodak's patented wall at the headquarters. As a leader in the imaging industry at that time, Kodak knew the potential of OLED technology.
Since Dr. Deng published relevant papers in 1987, OLED has only been a dozen years old since 2003. As a display technology that was just beginning to be applied, only a small screen of a portable device used OLED, and the most high-end application was a 2.2-inch “large” display of the Kodak LS633 digital camera. At that time, the advantages of OLEDs relative to already matured liquid crystals were not obvious, but they were only applied in certain occasions where the power consumption requirements are harsh or the display quality requirements are not high.
At the 2007 CES show, Sony, who was good at playing black technology, demonstrated OLED TVs for the first time. They were 11-inch (960x570 resolution) and 27-inch (full HD) models, achieving a nominal ratio of one million. One's contrast. And their screen thickness is only 5 millimeters, and there is a clear contrast with the thickness of a dozen centimeters of LCD TV at that time.
In October 2007, Sony officially released the 11-inch XEL-1 OLED TV, which is basically the first mass-produced OLED TV on the market. Obviously, the small size of 11 inches is not a powerful challenger in the TV market. It was limited by the manufacturing technology and costs at that time. Sony also just launched such a conceptual product to test market feedback.
Subsequently, Sony has been studying the development of OLED TV products. At CES 2010, Sony exhibited a 24.5-inch OLED 3D TV. At the time, the focus of flat-panel TVs was on 3D applications. The high response speed of OLEDs was also a clear advantage. In February of that year, Sony also introduced a 25-inch reference-level OLED monitor for post-production of professional images. As the king of video equipment, Sony used OLED technology in professional applications, proving its potential.
In 2010, LG Electronics released the 15-inch 15EL9500, followed in 2011 by a 31-inch model supporting 3D display. At CES 2012, LG officially launched a 55-inch OLED panel, making OLED large-screen TV possible.
LG Display to promote the popularity of OLED TVs
At the CES show in 2017, Sony released the flagship TV BRAVIA OLED A1, which triggered a market shake with its outstanding picture quality and brand new design. This TV uses an ultra-narrow frame, ultra-thin screen and no base design. In order to give the user the strongest visual shock, Sony even moved its own LOGO to the unobtrusive position of the lower left corner of the screen for the first time.
The panel used by Sony's TV is from LG Display. As the only OLED TV panel supplier on the market, LG Display's panels are used in addition to its own LG Electronics products. Almost all major TV brand manufacturers have introduced high-end models using LGD OLED panels.
In-depth understanding of LG Display, you will find this is a technology-mad display technology company. In the era of LCD technology, everybody buys a TV and hears the concept of a “hard screen”, which is the unique packaging technology used by LG Display to manufacture IPS LCD panels. The IPS panel has greatly improved the response speed, viewing angle and color performance of the liquid crystal and is unique in the market. Although its LCD panel is already in its infancy, LG Display does not stop there and is still investing heavily in betting on the next generation of OLED technology.
You know, if the display technology is replaced by the wrong team, it is extremely risky. When flat-panel TVs replaced CRT TVs, a large number of Chinese TV makers were hit hard because they were unresponsive. Panasonic gambling on the wrong direction in the plasma technology, so far the black product line has not recovered its vitality. The LG Display dares to enter the OLED field when its LCD business is successful, and its guts are not small.
Risks and opportunities coexist, which has also made LG Display the only OLED panel supplier in the world. Domestic TV brands Konka, Skyworth and Changhong are all users of LG OLED panels. Japanese Sony, Toshiba, and Panasonic also joined the ranks of LG OLED panel users. The European high-end appliance brands LOEWE, B&O, and METZ, which have always been proud of, have also launched OLED products with extremely high prices, and of course, only the panels provided by LGD.
Faced with the rapid growth of the market, the production capacity of OLED TV panels is in urgent need of improvement. LG Display is continuing to invest in new production lines. The OLED 10.5 generation line at LGD in Paju, South Korea, is about to be completed, and the display industrial area in Guangzhou, China has also started construction of a new OLED generation 8.5 line. According to the person in charge of LGD, the most important advancement in OLED production technology is the significant increase in yield, which is already in line with the level of large-size LCD panels. This is good news for improving production capacity and reducing costs.
However, the growth rate of the OLED TV market may be faster than that of the panel, and it is expected that the sales of high-end OLED products will grow at a rate of 100% per year in the next few years. The manufacturers of early layout will laugh together. .
OLED Occupy the High-end Market Will Become a Foregone conclusion According to ZOL's reader survey, the user's primary consideration when choosing a TV product is image quality. The display quality of the display technology is not metaphysical, and any ordinary user can easily distinguish the difference between two TV displays placed side by side. The problem is that, in most cases, users do not have the opportunity to actually compare two competing products directly. Judging the image quality of a single product still requires some experience.
In low- and medium-price TV products, purchase decisions are more affected by prices. Users have less energy to choose products. LCD products that have already done well on this battlefield are relatively more advantageous. In the high-end market, the high price of OLED panels is not a big problem, and its excellent image quality and light and thin design have become the focus of attention of users in this market. In the high-priced products, manufacturers also have more room to work on the design, advanced functional level, and further give full play to the advantages of OLED technology.
Users who are willing to spend tens of thousands of dollars to purchase large-screen TVs will inevitably have higher requirements on the picture quality, functions, and even appearance of the products. OLED has unique advantages in these aspects.
To look, LG wallpaper TVs less than 3mm thick can really stick to the wall. When the artwork is displayed, the wallpaper TV can be fake, and the scenery image can even be seen as a window by an unwitting person. For special occasions, it is very easy for the OLED to achieve almost free surface display and even double-sided display.
To innovate, Sony A1 is equipped with a unique screen sound technology, so that the TV does not need traditional speakers can emit crisp and extremely lively sound, to achieve a full screen effect of the four sides of a very narrow border. The liquid crystal panel cannot use this technology because the vibration of the liquid crystal molecules will affect the performance of the screen.
To image quality, the recent hot HDR technology has almost become customized for OLED. HDR requires the display device to achieve higher brightness and contrast in order to restore scenes that are closer to the real situation. For LCD panels, higher brightness is required to increase the brightness of the backlight, but the increase in brightness will cause the contrast to decrease, and the balance and improvement therein will be quite complicated. The OLED itself has a high luminous efficiency. If higher brightness is required, white pixels can be added directly, and the increase in brightness does not affect the restoration of the dark part image, and the contrast is not affected.
The advantages of OLED in high-end TV are clearly reflected in sales data. According to data from third-party research institutions, in the third quarter of 2017, OLEDs accounted for 54% (GFK) in the European market and 84% (NPD) in the US market for TVs with a price above $3,000 for more than US$3,000. The market also reached 34% (AVC). It seems that there is still more room for development in the Chinese market.
Everyone knows that industry experts are really good at understanding the advantages of OLED TVs. The online evaluation of Zhongguancun is consistent with the evaluation results of major media in the world. The highest scores for high-end TV products are basically OLED TVs, and many professional media are given the highest score. But how to let users understand the advantages of OLED.
According to recent survey data, our users’ attention to the panel technology used in televisions has started to increase. Especially in the high-end TV field, consumers who are more aware of the development of cutting-edge technologies will directly refer to OLED TV products. The same is true for actual market feedback. In the TV area of ​​home appliance stores, we will see that manufacturers basically display the OLED panel TV products in the most important position.
In order to make Chinese consumers better understand the advantages of OLED technology, LG Display has also made a lot of effort. Those who participated in the CES show may not forget the visual shock left by the LG panel of the LG booth: hundreds of large screens are stitched together to cover a full-viewing picture, vividly displaying the starry sky and natural and even illusory sights. At the end of 2017, LGD will have a richer display to the Guangzhou Tower. In the landmark building of Guangzhou, Chinese consumers can also experience the immersive experience of the highest quality display technology. At the same time, in the display of Guangzhou Tower, there is a more detailed understanding of the original OLED technology and further popularize relevant knowledge.
For consumers who are not in Guangzhou, LGD has also built an OLED innovation technology experience hall in eight cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu, Nanjing and Shenyang. Friends who are interested in OLEDs can visit them nearby—believe me, excellent picture quality still needs personal experience to feel it.
Although there are already some display channels, for the OLED industry, the current user awareness is still far from enough. In a very simple example, how OLED these four letters are read will probably be hesitant for those who have studied English, and its pronunciation cannot be found in Chinese. It is not easy to remember, let alone consume a lot of money. The person would have a headache if he saw the letter. Education users are the most troublesome process for industrial innovators. Perhaps they really need a simple and intuitive name like “hard screen” to help accelerate the popularity of OLED concepts.
The next step for OLED is in the high-end TV market. OLED products have basically taken a firm footing, but competitors are still making progress. New product lines are trying to erode the OLED market. Therefore, besides increasing production capacity, OLED should also pay close attention to the pace of its own progress: higher specification, greater and cheaper.
At the specification level, HDR support is already an inherent advantage of OLED panels. The current resolution has reached 4K, but 8K resolution LCD products have been demonstrated. Now companies such as Sharp and BOE are pushing 8K, but OLEDs are already doing 8K. The preparations, recently LG Display has demonstrated its 88-inch OLED 8K TV real machine, this speed is OK, after all, 8K products really have time to reach the consumer level.
Continue to expand the screen size to enter the higher end is also an essential deployment, the largest size of the current OLED TV on the market is 77 inches, before the LG also launched a 21:9 diagonal 105-inch ultra widescreen TV, basically in the TV The 100-inch machine field has been a balance between practicality and cost-effectiveness. The advantages of large-size screen projection technology are more obvious.
OLED TVs, which are cheaper for consumers, are the most important. Although OLED products are still at high-end prices, do not forget that LCD TVs are more expensive than current OLEDs. It took almost 10 years for LCD to drop from 100,000 yuan to below 10,000 yuan, and OLED has only been able to buy many models at the level of 20,000 yuan or 30,000 yuan for only three or four years. The popularity of OLED TVs is faster than LCD TVs of the year. It is believed that we will soon see a large number of OLED TV products listed within RMB 10,000.
In addition to being a flat-panel TV, there is still a lot of room for OLED large-screen applications. Its ultra-thin and flexible nature makes it suitable for display devices in many public places without restriction, transparent OLED applications in windows, mirrors and other occasions is also a very potential way. Further, the OLED light emitting panel technology has also basically matured. After introducing the surface light emitting flexible material into lamps and lighting equipment, we will see more creativity and possibility of OLED application.
As the core of human-computer interaction devices, we will see more OLED technologies in display devices. The future we see will also become more exciting.

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