The traditional manufacturing industry is undergoing a major transformation. With the advent of the industrial 4.0 era, the automated assembly line manufacturing model has gradually transitioned to the interconnected automation intelligent manufacturing model. How to realize the large-scale customized production mentioned in Industry 4.0? Manufacturing serviceization? Production flexibility? IHS senior analyst Zhou Wanmu elaborated at the 2016 Guangzhou International Industrial Automation Technology and Equipment Exhibition Industry 4.0 seminar, with intelligence The intelligent equipment represented by robots is the breakthrough to Industry 4.0.
Undoubtedly, the global economy is facing a declining stage. There are two factors that affect the slowdown of the global economy: short-term factors and medium- and long-term factors. Short-term factors include systemic factors and structural factors. Systemic factors mainly include the reduction of ** policies, the excessive capacity digest after a large amount of investment, the decline in exports, and the increase in risk aversion. Structural factors include slowing of labor growth, deceleration of globalization, decline in commodity prices, and stagnant market reforms. .
The medium and long-term influencing factors mainly include changes in population structure and the shift of global economic integration trend to regionalization. The impact of demographic changes on the economy is polarized. In India, for example, by 2021, the working population under 60 in India will rise to 54%, providing a large amount of labor for the development of manufacturing; on the contrary, such as Germany and Japan. China, especially Japan, has entered an aging society 20 years ago. The shortage of labor has become an important reason for Japan's continued decline in manufacturing after entering the 21st century.
Trade rebalancing, globalization has driven the economies of developing countries to regional economic integration, especially China, which is the biggest beneficiary of global economic integration. But at present, with the establishment of the EU, the North American Free Trade Area, and Asian economic integration, the global economy is gradually shifting to a regionalized economy.
Affected by the above factors, the global economic development trend shows that the developed countries led by the United States have stable economic performance, while the emerging economies have performed poorly.
Unlike the previous three revolutions that originated from mechanization, intelligence, and information technology, Industry 4.0 is an inevitable choice for technology, market, and social development. Industry 4.0 requires increased manufacturing flexibility, while increased demand for small batches and multiple batches of customization, must respond quickly to changes in demand, personalize diversity needs, while users, customers and partners participate in value wear and promote manufacturing to service extension.
With the aging of the labor force, labor shortages, rising costs, human-machine collaboration, machine-machine collaboration, and increased productivity through the integration of people, data, and production equipment.
Industry 4.0 also puts forward new requirements for energy saving and emission reduction. With the intelligence of the factory, it can not only greatly improve production efficiency, but also solve energy consumption and social problems, achieve green manufacturing, reduce energy consumption, improve energy efficiency, and reduce costs. .
In terms of technology, OT, IT, DT, and RT convergence technologies are constantly breaking through the bottleneck, using automation robots, 3D printing, cloud computing, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and deep learning to gradually automate and digitize networks. And intelligent development.
The core of the manufacturing revolution is to intelligentize manufacturing through CPS systems and produce smart products through intelligent manufacturing. Based on the intelligentization of CPS (Cyber-Physical Systems), enterprises are encouraged to establish a global network, integrate product design, manufacturing, warehousing and production equipment into CPS, and automatically exchange the information of these manufacturing elements independently, receive action instructions and carry out unmanned control. Industry 4.0 realizes the organic connection between the actual device and the control network by means of the CPS system. Through the organic integration and deep cooperation of 3C (CompuTIng, CommunicaTIon, Control) technology, the working thinking of the technicians is extended in both time and space. With the Internet of Things, smart factories produce smart products that enable the organic integration of people, machines and things. In the era of Industry 4.0, the CPS system plays an important role in leading the intelligent manufacturing process. The arrival of Industry 4.0 will inevitably change the existing industrial structure, and the intelligent manufacturing industry will once again renew its vitality.
The manufacturing revolution is all-round integration: smart factories and intelligent production Whether it is German Industry 4.0, American Industrial Internet, or China Manufacturing 2025, "Internet +", the final point is that our manufacturing industry is going to smart factories and smart manufacturing. The Industry 4.0 project is mainly divided into two major themes, one is “smart factoryâ€, focusing on intelligent production systems and processes, and the realization of networked distributed production facilities; the second is “intelligent productionâ€, which mainly involves the production logistics of the entire enterprise. Management, human-computer interaction, and the application of 3D technology in industrial production processes. Industry 4.0 integrates the horizontal integration among the value chain enterprises, the vertical integration of the internal networked manufacturing system, the end-to-end integration of the product life cycle and the weight value network, and the final goal is in the smart factory and intelligent manufacturing.
From traditional industrial robots to intelligent robots, it has become the main way to achieve smart factories and intelligent production. According to IHS statistics, the demand for intelligent robots in 2015 was 65,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 24%; GGII expects that the demand for multi-joint robots and AGVs within SCARA and 100 kg will maintain a growth rate of more than 25% in 2016, more than 100 kg. The speed of the articulated robot is less than 10%.
Traditional industrial robots can only be used as automated devices or machines in a structured environment to complete the prescribed actions of the program. Intelligent robots can be used in an unstructured environment and have the characteristics of perception, cognitive judgment, and execution ability. It can be called intelligent robots not only in accordance with established procedures, but also in interaction with people, materials, and other devices. Today's smart factories require automation and traditional industrial robots, but in the future more intelligent robots are needed. From the initial KISMET to the emergence of JIBO, PEPPER, and BUDDY in recent years, the cognitive and cognitive capabilities of intelligent robots have been greatly improved.
Intelligent robots have the functions of adding network functions, intelligent monitoring and maintenance functions, and spindle monitoring through the cooperation between machines and machines. Machine tools and 3D printing are integrated into devices to realize the complementary advantages of additive and material reduction, and the integration of production systems. Connected with the robot to form a fusion system, the production line is more flexible, and the feedback and usage information of the end user is obtained by means of wireless network, machine tool and end user connection, remote fault diagnosis, and real-time automatic monitoring of the operation of the machine tool all the time. Supported by the cloud computing big data platform, the robot becomes a smart terminal and an intelligent node. The robot can upload or download knowledge and experience (map information or experience of grabbing items), and the robots learn from each other; through robot and cooperation, play robots and people. Their respective advantages, such as convenient programming, fast setup, reduced downtime, flexible deployment (mobility, light weight, small footprint, floor, wall, ceiling), human-machine coordination and security, and overall return on investment.
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