Wireless communication technology from 2G to 3G is a historic leap from simple voice calls and simple SMS data transmission to the wireless Internet.
When the 3G license was issued in 2009, the industry is most eager to find a killer application that uses wireless broadband capabilities. The earliest application at that time was to use 3G as a wireless network card, such as China Telecom's CDMA2000 300-hour unlimited 3G network card. Through more than four years of industry practice, in the 4G era, killer applications such as navigation, music, online video, shopping, payment, games, etc., using wireless broadband capabilities have emerged, and wireless broadband traffic has become precious. 4G packages will not be charged on a per-hour basis.
It is the prosperity of the industry. After the 4G license was issued in 2013, 5G became a hot topic in 2015. The previous analysis occupies the commanding heights of the 5G industry is the underlying core technology. There is a view that the current 5G framework has not yet been determined, is it too early to talk about core air interface technology.
5G underlying technology patents are formed much earlier than the 5G standard framework
At present, the standard setting work for 5G has begun to accelerate, but the initial framework is estimated to be 2016. But when the standard framework is undecided, it is the critical period for the core patents of the underlying technology. From the experience of history. China's self-provided 3G international standard TD-SCDMA standard framework patent CN97104039.7 was applied by Xinwei Communication in 1997. The underlying CDMA core patent that Qualcomm relies on to control the lifeline of the 3G industry chain is the three applications that Qualcomm applied for in China in 1990 (CN90109758/CN90109068 / CN90109064), of which CN90109068 has generated a divisional application CN200610156292. In addition to the CN90109068 patent was rejected in the review, CN90109758, CN90109064, and the divisional application CN200610156292 were authorized. The earliest CDMA technology Chinese patents CN90109758, CN90109064, CN200610156292 are filed on the U.S. Patent No. 4,331,031 and U.S. Pat. This shows that the deployment of the underlying technology patent is much earlier than the standard framework patent.
FOFDM technology that doubles the data rate of OFDM subcarriers
FOFDM is a popular candidate core air interface technology for 5G. Fast-OFDM (FOFDM) is based on the principle of OFDM orthogonal frequent multiplexing to further improve the data transmission efficiency of OFDM. The data rate of sub-carriers of FOFDM is OFDM. 2 times. It is this enticing performance that makes FOFDM a popular candidate for air interface technology in 5G.
From the perspective of the development of FOFDM technology, as early as 1995, relevant academic articles have been published. By the end of 2002, the number of related documents has increased considerably. Therefore, the technology of FOFDM, an important core air interface technology for 5G, has been developed for 20 years.
At present, FOFDM is a 5G alternative core air interface technology that domestic enterprises have clearly focused on, because patents have a special important role in the communication industry. For the patent case of FOFDM, it is necessary to pay attention and reserve early.
The following is an empirical analysis of the current status of patents for FOFDM technology.
Patent distribution of FOFDM technology
Patent search for FOFDM technology without large-scale commercial applications is a very challenging task, especially when distinguishing FOFDM technology from OFDM technology, different researchers will have different judgment criteria. The following will discuss the distribution of related patents through several dimensions.
Firstly, for the application of OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology in the field of communication, 14,950 patent families have been formed. Analyze the top 1000 most important patents with the highest patent citation rate. It can be seen that the peak of related technologies is in 2003-2005. But at that time, the strength of China's communications industry, especially the strength of the underlying technology, has not been as strong today. Specific to the country, the United States, South Korea, Japan, Germany, China are in the forefront, but the applicants for these important patents are mainly such as Qualcomm, Motorola, Nortel, Samsung and other enterprises.
Based on FOFDM's technical principle for further improving the data density of OFDM subcarriers, further search is carried out, and the number of related patents obtained is greatly reduced, and only 100 related directly.
As seen in the technical literature, FOFDM technology began to develop since the 1990s (patent applications are novel before they are published, in order to be authorized). Since 2002, related technologies have increased, starting from 2012. The application has further increased slightly.
Compared with the core patent distribution of OFDM technology, Chinese enterprises have a better distribution of patent distribution in FOFDM technology. China's backbone enterprises ZTE and Huawei have already covered patent applications. At the same time, we must see that communications giants such as Qualcomm and Ericsson have already applied for patents. At the same time, some previously unknown companies such as MAGNACOM, which features spectrum-saving modulation technology, and Japan's VICTOR COOF JAPAN have also deployed patents. Qualcomm’s acquisition of Flarion tells us that core patents are not only in the hands of communications giants, but also in small companies with gold mines. Core patents can be purchased not only by themselves but also by themselves.
Through decades of development, China's telecommunications industry has grown from independent international communication standards to core air interface technologies under the core standards. Everything is difficult at the beginning, because the special importance of patents for the communications industry, we must tighten this string at the beginning, on the one hand, always pay attention to the patent dynamics of competitors, on the other hand, deploy their own patents.
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